Detection of intracellular adhesion (ica) B gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infections
Keywords:
S. aureus, PCR, icaBAbstract
Background:Staphylococcus aureus is an imperative cause of community acquired infections and nosocomial infections,The formation of biofilm on host surfaces and adherence is painstaking to be significant virulence factor in S. aureus.
Objective:The main objective of this study is to detect and describe the distribution of S. aureus and icaB gene in wound infection samples taken from patients at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar province, Iraq, during the period extended from February to September 2007.
Materials and Methods:A total number of bacterial isolatesincluded 130 sample recovered from different woundsof patients in burn unit. All isolates of the targeted bacteria were subjected for screening the biofilm allied gene (icaB) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique.
Results: The recent data indicated that 72 (55.3%) identified as S. aureus, and the females were likely more affected with S. aureus infection than males (47 > 25). The results of PCR recorded that icaB gene was expressedonly in 61% of all isolates.
Conclusion: The recent results recorded a high percentage of icaB gene which related with biofilm production may be increased the pathogenicity of this pathogen which caused different human diseases
References
Havaei, S.; Azimian, A.; Fazeli, H.; Naderi, M.; Ghazvini, K.; Samiee, S M.; Masoumi, Z. and Akbari, M. (2012). Genetic characterization of Methicillin Resistant and Sensitive, Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different Iranian hospitals. J. ISRN. Microbiol., 20:215275.
Shojaei, M.; KarimiDarehabi, H. and Javadi, A. (2014). Evaluation of the prevalence of genes producing biofilm (fnbB, clfaA, icaC, icaB) in S.aureus strain isolated from raw milk in sanandaj province. J. Food Process Technol. 5:4.
Cramton, S E.; Gerke, Ch.; Schnell, N F.; Nichols,W W. and G¨otz, F. (1999). The intercellular adhesion (ica) locus is present in Staphylococcusaureus and is required for biofilm formation. J. Infect. Immun., 67: 5427–5433.
Arciola, C R.;Baldassarri, L. andMontanaro, L. (2001a). Presence of icaAandicaDgenes and slime production in a collection of staphylococcal strains from catheter-associated infections. J. Clin.Microbiol., 39:2151-2156.
Arciola, C R.;Campoccia, D.; Borelli, AM. andMontanaro, ME. (2001b). Congo red agar plate method: improved accuracy and newextended application to Staphylococcusaureus. J. Microbiol., 24: 355–363.
Rohde, H.; Knobloch, JK.; Horstkotte, M A. and Mack, D. (2001) Correlation of StaphylococcusaureusicaADBC genotype and biofilm expression phenotype. J. Clin. Microbiol., 39: 4595–4596.
Gotz, F. (2002). Staphylococcus and biofilms. J. Mol. Microbiol., 43:1367-1378.
Arciola, C R.; Campoccia, D.; Ravaioli , S. and Montanaro, L. (2015). Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin in biofilm: structural and regulatory aspect. J. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 5:1-10.
O’Gara, J P. (2007). ica and beyond: biofilm mechanisms and regulations in Staphylococcusepidermidis and Staphylococcusaureus. J. FEMS. Microbiol., 270: 179-188.
Tiemersma, E W.; Bronzwear, L A.; Lyytikäinen, O.; Degener, J E.; Schrijnemakers, P.; Bruinsma, N.; Monen, J.; Witte, W. and Grundman, H. (2004). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureusin Europe, 1999-2002. J. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 10:1627-16134.
Gamal, F.; Mohamed, A.; Mostafa, S.; Mona, A.; Hassan, A. and Rehab, M. (2009). Detection of icaA, icaD genes and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidisisolated from urinary tract catheterized patients. J. Infect. Dev. Ctries., 3 (5):342-351.
Glowalla, E.; Tosetti, B.; Kronke, M. and Krut, O. (2009). Proteomics based identification of anchorless cell wall proteins as vaccine candidates against Staphylococcus aureus. J. Infect. Immun.,77 (7):2719-2729.
Harley, J P. and Prescott, L M. (2002). Laboratory Exercises in Microbiology. (5thed). The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York.
Kim, J H. ; Kim, C H.; Hacker, J.; Ziebuhr, W.; Lee, B K. and Cho, S H.(2008). Molecular characterization of regulatory genes associated with biofilm variation in a Staphylococcus aureus strain. J. Micro. Biotech. 18(1): 28-34.
Fitzpatrick, F.; Humphreys, H.;Smythy, E.; Kennedy. C A. and O'Gara, GP. (2002). Environmental regulation of biofilm formation in intensive care unit isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis. J. Hosp. Infec., 42:212-218.
Grinholc, M.; Wegrzyn, G. and Kurlenda, J. (2007). Evaluation of biofilm production and prevalence of the icaDgene in methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections and carriers. J. FEMS Immune. Med. Microbiol., 50:375-379.
Eftekhar, F. and Dadaei, T. (2011). Biofilm formation and detection of icaABgenes in clinical isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Irani. J. Basi. Med. Scien., 14(2):132-136.
Nasr, R A.; Abu-Shady, H M. and Hussein, H S. (2012). Biofilm formation and presence of icaAD gene in clinical isolates of staphylococci. Egyp. J. Med. Hum. Genet., 13:269-274.
Costerton, J W.; Stewart, P S. and Greenberg, E P. (1999). Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. J. Science. 284 (5418): 1318 – 1322.
Dhanawade, N B.; Kalorey, D R.; Srinivasan, R.; Barbuddhe, S B. and Kurkure, N V. (2010). Detection of intercellular adhesion genes and biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. J. Vet. Res. Commun., 34: 81-89.
Waldvogel, FA. (1995). In: principles and practices of infectious diseases. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett ed. Wiley. New York. pp 1754-1777.
Mirzaee, M.; Peerayeh, S N. and Ghasemian, A. (2014). Detection of icaABCDgenes and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Iranin. J. Patho., 9 (4):257 – 262.
Alwash , S A. and Saleh, D S. (2013). Comparison between Cefoxitin disk diffusion, Crome agar and EPI-M screening kit for detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Iraqi. J. Sci., 54(4):847-850.
Abid, A N. (2015). Serological diagnosis and Molecular detection of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn patients in Al-Hussein Teching Hospital at Thi-Qar Province. M.Sc. Thesis. College of Science/ Thi-Qar University. Iraq.
Rajput, A.; Singh, K.P.; Kumar, V.; Sexena, R. and Singh, R K. (2008). Antibacterial resistance pattern of aerobic bacteria isolates from burn patients in tertiary care hospital. J. Biomed. Res., 19(1): 1-4.
