Study of relationship between blood parameters and oxidant-antioxidant status of patients with unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infractions
Keywords:
Blood parameters, oxidant-antioxidant status, unstable angina, myocardial infractionAbstract
SUMMARY The present study investigated the relationship between blood parameters and oxidant-antioxidant parameters of patients with unstable angina pectoris and myocardial infraction in Thi-Qar province / south of Iraq.. The results showed a significant elevation for each one of WBCs count, absolute neutrophil value and ESR in patients with unstable angina(UA) and myocardial infraction(AMI) when compared with control. Also a significant decrease was observed for each one of RBCs count, PCV, and Hb in both patient groups compared with control. The results of biochemical parameters explained a significant increase of malondialdehyde(MDA) and ceruloplasmin(Cp) in patients with UM and AMI compared with control group. Creatin phosphokinase(CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) had a significant rising in patients with AMI , while there was a slight and non significant rising for both enzymes in patients with UM compared with control group. Albumin was decreased significantly in blood serum of AMI patients , while albumin level was not effected in blood serum of UA patients compared with control. Also, the results indicated the positive relationship between MDA and ESR,WBCs,absolute neutrophil value and ceruloplasmin in UA patient group , while in AMI patient group , the MDA was positively correlated with ESR,WBCs,absolute neutrophil value,ceruloplasmin ,CPK and LDH.In addition, the was a negative relationship between MDA and albumin in AMI patients.References
Ferrari, R. ; Ceconi, C. ; Curello, S.; et al. Oxygen free radicals and myocardial damage: protective role of thiol containing agents. Am. J. Med.,91:95S–105S,1991.
Michel, R. N. and Cotran, R. S. Cell injury, adaptation, and death. In : Kumar, V.; Cotran, R S. and Robbins, S. L.(eds). Robbins Basic Pathology, 7th ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp. 3 -31, 2003
Myocardial infarction redefined-a consensus document of the Joint european society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 36(3): 959-969, 2000.
Awtry , E. H. and Loscalzo, J. Coronary heart disease. Cecil Essential of Medicine , 6th ed. W. B. Saunders Company an Imprint of Elsevier, pp. 87-108, 2004 .
Akbar, D. H. Admission blood glucose level is a risk predictor in Acute myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients. King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (22nd November 2000) .
Keffer, J.H. Myocardial markers of injury. Am. J. Clin. Patho., l (105): 305-20, 1996.
Chierchia, S. L. Rev. Esp. Cardiol., 54(10): 1135-1140, 2001
Paoletti, R.; Gotto, A.M. and Hajjar, D. R. Inflammation in atherosclerosis and implications for therapy . Circulation, 109(23 suppl. 1) :ΙΙΙ20- ΙΙΙ26, 2004 .
Apple, F.S. and Henderson, A.R. Cardiac Function. In: Burtis, C.A. and Ashwood, E. R., editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 3rd ed. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 1178-1203, 1999.
Bodor, G.S. Cardiac troponin-I: a highly specific biochemical marker for myocardial infarction. J. Clin. Immunoassay, 17:40-4, 1994.
Mayne, P. D. Plasma enzymes in diagnosis. Clinical Chemistry in Diagnosis and Treatment, 6th ed.. Arnold , pp. 299-312, 1998 .
Fiane, A.E.; Videm, V.; Lingaas, P.S.; et al. Mechanism of complement activation and its role in the inflammatory response after thoraco abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Circulation, 108:849-856, 2003.
Das, U.N. Free radicals, cytokines and nitric oxide in cardiac failure and myocardial infarction. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Vol. 215, No.1-2: 145-152, 2004.
Frangogiannis, N. G. ; Smith, W. C. and Entman, M. L. The inflammatory response in myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular Research, 63: 123- 141, 2002.
Bonvini, R. F.; Hendiri, T. and Camenzind, E. Inflammatory response post-myocardial infarction and reperfusion: a new therapeutic target?. European Society of Cardiology, Volume 7, Suppl I: I27-I36, 2007.
Ganong, W. F. Circulatory body fluids. Review of Medical Physiology, 21st ed . Mc Graw.Hill companies, printed in India, pp. 517-648, 2003.
Bevtler, E.; Marshall, A.; Barry, S.; Thomas, J. and Seligsohn, V. Morphology of the erythron. In : Bull, B.S. (ed). Williams Hematology, 6th ed. McGRAW-HILL, New York, pp. 271—288 , 2001.
Ferrari, R. and Opie, L.H. Ischemia and infarction. Atlas of the Myocardium. Raven Press, New York, pp.154—165, 1992.
Rambabu, K. Free radicals and antioxidants .Textbook of Biochemistry. A.I.T.B.S Publishers, India, pp. 62-67, 2007.
Frei, B.; England, L. and Ames, B.N. Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 86:6377–81, 1986.
Wiggins, J.E.; Goyal, M.; Wharram, B.L. and Wiggins, R.C. Antioxidant ceruloplasmin is expressed by glomerular parietal epithelial cells and secreted into urine in association with glomerular aging and high-calorie diet. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 17:1382-1387, 2006.
Halliwell, B. and Gutteridge, J.M.C. Caeruloplasmin and the superoxide radical. Lancet II: 556, 1982.
Thomas, C.A. and McCarty, M.F. Biochemical health profiling: Antioxidants. Pantox Laboratories, San Diego, 1999.
Fouad, T. Antioxidants, nature and chemistry. The Doctors Lounge, 12-27, 2007.
Halliwell, B. Antioxidants in human health and disease. Annu. Rev. Nutr., 16:33-50, 1996.
Schalm, O.W. ; Jain, N.C. and Carroll, E.J.(1975). Veterinary hematology,3rd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia,pp.807.
Coles, E.H.(1986). Veterinary clinical pathology. 4th ed. W.B. Saunders Co. Philadelphia, pp.457.
Ceconi, C.; Cargnoni, A.; Pasini, E.; Condorelli, E.; Curello, S. and Ferrari, R. Evaluation of phospholipid peroxidation as malondialdehyde during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Am. J. Physiol., 260: H1057-61, 1991.
King, J. Practical Clinical Enzymology. 1st ed. Princeton, D. van Nostrand , 1965.
Doumas, B. T.; Watson, W. A. and Briggs, H. G. Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromocresol green. Clin. Chem. Acta., 31:87-96, 1971.
Placer, Z.A.; Cushman, L.L. and Johnson, B.C. Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (Malonyldialdehyde) in biochemical systems. Anal. Biochem., 16:359-64, 1966.
Aznar, J.; Santos, M.T.; Valles, J. and Sala, J. Serum malondialdehyde-like material (MDA-LM) in acute myocardial infarction . Journal of Clinical Pathology, 36:712-715, 1983.
Muzakova, V.; Kandar, R.; Vojtisek, P.; Skalicky, J. and Cervinkova, Z. Selective antioxidant enzymes during ischemia /reperfusion in myocardial infarction. Physiol. Res.,49:315-322, 2000.
Natalia, G.; Dumitru, Z.; Mihaela Ioana, C.; et al. Ceruloplasmin as a marker of inflammatory and antioxidant status in acute coronary syndrome. J. Physiol., 567P, PC216, 2005.
Dubois-Rande, J. L.; Artioov,J. Y.; Darmon, J. Y.; et al. Oxidative stress in patients with unstable angina. European heart journal, 15(2): 179- 183, 1994.
Zeidman, A.; Fradin, Z.; Blecher, A.; Oster, H.S.; Avrahami, H.S.Y. and Mittelman, M. Anemia as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease. I.M.A.J., 6:16-18 , 2004.
Van Der Schouw, Y.T.; Van Der Veeken, P.M.; Kok, F.J.; Koster, J.F.; Schouten, E.G. and Hofman, A. Iron status in the acute phase and six weeks after myocardial infarction. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 8:47±53, 1990.
Fitzsimons, E.J. and Kaplan, K. Rapid drop in serum iron concentration in myocardial infarction. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 73:552±5, 1980.
Beegam, K.A.S.; Sasikala, K.; Meenakshi, N.; Jude, A.L.C.; Balachandar, N.; Devi, M.V.and Begum, A.A. Ischemic heart disease- a haematological, biochemical and cytogenetic study. Int. J. Hum. Genet., 3(3):159-163, 2003.
Antman, E.M. and Braunwald, E. Acute myocardial infarction. Harrison,s Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. -part eight-disorders of the cardiovascular system, Section four-vascular disease, 1998.
Timmis, A.D. and Nathan, A.W. Essentials of Cardiology. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 300-319, 1993.
Recommendations for Reference method for haemoglobinonetry in human blood (ICSH standard 1986) and specifications for international haemiglobin-cyanide Reference preparation: 3rd ed. In: International committee for standardization in hematology. Expert panel on haemoglobinometry. Clin. Lab. Haematol., 9(1):73–79, 1987.
Natali, A.; L'Abbate, A. and Ferrannini, E. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiac mortality. European Heart Journal, 24(7):639-648, 2003.
Schiffman, J. Hematologic Pathophisiology. 1st ed. Lipincott. Raven, Philadelphia-new york , pp. 263 , 1998
Meldrum, D.R.; Meng, X.; Sheridan, B.C.; et al. Tissue-specific protein kinase C isoforms differentially mediate macrophage TNF_ and IL-1_ production. Shock, 9: 256–260, 1998.
Bevtler, E.; Marshall, A.; Barry, S.; Thomas, J. and Seligsohn, V. Morphology of the erythron. In : Bull, B.S. (ed). Williams Hematology, 6th ed. McGRAW-HILL, New York, pp. 271—288 , 2001.
Grau, A.J.; Boddy, A.W.; Dukovic, D.A.; et al. Leukocyte count as an independent predictor of recurrent ischemic events. Stroke. 35:1147, 2004.
Wong, S.S. Strategic utilization of cardiac markers for diagnosis of Acute myocardial infarction. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 26:301-12, 1996.
Jennings, R.B. and Reimer, K. Lethal myocardial ischemic injury. Am. J. Pathol., 102: 241- 255, 1981.
Poole-Wilson, P. A. What causes cell death? In :Therapeutic Approaches to Myocardial Infarct Size Limitation (eds. Hearse, D.J. and Yellon, D.M.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 43-60, 1984
Barrow, L. Tanner, M. S. Copper distribution among serum proteins in pediatric liver disorders and malignancies. Eur. J. Clin. Inves., 18(6): 555-60, 1988 .
Fridovich, I. Oxygen free radicals and tissue damage: Chairman’s introduction. Ciba Found Symp. , 65:1-4, 1978.
Zakirova, A. M. The clinico- hemodynamic effects of the antioxidant ceruloplasmin in IHD patients. Ter. Arkh. , 67(4): 33-5, 1995.
Mateescu, M. A.; Chahine, R.; Roger, S. ; et al. Protection of myocardial tissue against deleterious effects of oxygen free radicals by ceruloplasmin. Arzneimittelforschung, 45(4): 476-80, 1995.
Sirajwala, H.B.; Dabhi, A.S.; Malukar, N.R.; Bhalgami, R. B. and Pandya, T. P. Serum ceruloplasmin level as an extracellular antioxidant in acute myocardial infarction. J. Indin Academy of Clin. Med., 8 (2): 135-8, 2007.
Cousins, R. J. Absorption, transport, and hepatic metabolism of copper and zinc: Special reference to metallothionein and ceruloplasmin . Physiol. Rev., 65(2): 238-309, 1985.
Reunanen, A.; Knekt, P.;Aaran, R. K. Serum ceruloplasmin level and the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Am. J. Epidemiol., 136(9): 1082-90,1992.
Best, B. General antioxidant actions. American Heart Association , Inc. 245: 86-99, 2007. 59. Berton, G.; Citro, T.; Palmieri, R.; Petucco, S.; De Toni, R.; Palatini, P. Albumin excretion rate increases during acute myocardial infarction and strongly predicts early mortality. Circulation , 96:3338-3345, 1997.
Weijenberg, M. P.; Feskens, E. J. M.; Souverijn, J. H. M. and Kromhout, D. Serum albumin, coronary heart disease risk, and mortality in an elderly cohort. Epidemiology , 8(1) : 87- 92, 1997.
Kaysen, G.A.; Dubin, J. A.; Muller, H-G; Rosales, L.; Levin, N. W.; Mitch, W. E. and The Hemo Study Group. Inflammation and reduced albumin synthesis associated with stable decline in serum albumin in hemodialysis patients. Kidney International., 65(4):1408- 1415, 2004.
