Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Neonatal Low Birth Weight in AL Nasiriyah city

Abstract

Abstract Objective: To determine the association of maternal medical, obstetric and social risk factors with neonatal LBW. Design: A descriptive study. Place and time of study: This study was carried out in the department of neonatology in            Al- Habboby teaching hospital during the period between January and May 2021. Patients and methods: One hundred low birth weight (less than 2500mg) live born babies were taken randomly to enrolled cases in this study our parameter is just the neonatal body weight, regarding maternal medical, obstetric and social history taken from mothers. Results: [66%] of cases were males and [34%] were females in ratio of Male to Female: 1.9:1. Fifty-two percent [52%] were preterm (premature) and forty-eight [48%] were term [ small for date (IUGR) or [SGA]. Also, the study found  that forty-seven percent [47%] were delivered by cesarean section while fifty-three [53%] were by normal vaginal delivery. The factors like maternal urinary and genital tract infection [88%], anemia [82%], exposure to cigarette smoking [46%], low education [45%], bad psychological mode [35%], poor prenatal care [35%], hypertension [20%], previous cesarian section [18%], poverty [13%] and diabetes mellitus [12%] have been considered as a risk factor in causing neonatal LBW. Conclusion Common maternal risk factors for LBW neonates in AL Nasiriyah city include, GTI, anemia, cigarette smoking exposure, worker pregnant, low education level, poor antenatal care, hypertension, DM and poverty.