Main Article Content

Abstract

This study was carried out in Thi-Qar Province, Al-Rifa'i district
which included a collection of a total of 640 samples of stool, from patients who have
referred to general Al-Rifa'i Hospital and some medical centers from July to October
2023. The ages of patients ranged from ≤ 2 years to more than 55 years, and the sex of
them were 265 males and 375 females. Giardia lamblia (trophozoite and cyst), 15
(2.34%).

Article Details

References

  1. Adam, E.A.; Yoder, J.S.; Gould L.H.; Hlavsa, M.C.;and Gargano, J.W. (2016). Giardiasis
  2. outbreaks in the United States, 1971-2011. Epidemiol Infect; 144: 2790-2801.
  3. Akram, R.S. (2018). Molecular detection and prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum,
  4. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia among patients with diarrhea at Al-Rifea city.
  5. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar.
  6. Al-Ibrahimi, L. A. (2013) "Molecular Detection of Giardia intestinalis.": 1-55.
  7. Al-Izzi, N. S. (1998). Prevalence of intestinal Parasitic infection in preschool children in
  8. Mosul city. J. Fac. Med. Baghdad, 40: 478-480.
  9. Al-Janabi, F. A. K. (2002). Study in the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in the city of
  10. Baghdad. Master Thesis, college of Science,University of Mustansiriya: 75 pages.
  11. Al-saeed, A.I.; Saeed, Y.; Mohamed, J. B. (2001). Prevalance of gastrointestinal parasites
  12. among population in Duhok-Kurdistan region –Iraq .J. for population in Med. Sci., vol. 5.
  13. Special issue,:14-19.
  14. Al Saeed, A. T., & Issa, S. H. (2006). Frequency of Giardia lamblia among children in
  15. Dohuk, northern Iraq. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 12 (5), 555-561,
  16. Buret, A. G.; Amat, C. B.; Manko, A.; Beatty, J. K.; Halliez, M. C., et al. (2015). Giardia
  17. duodenalis: new research developments in pathophysiology, pathogenesis and virulence
  18. factors. Current Tropical Medicine Reports, 2: 110-118.
  19. Cernikova, L., Faso, C., & Hehl, A. B. (2018). Five facts about Giardia lamblia. PLoS
  20. pathogens, 14(9), e1007250.
  21. Crotti, D., D’annibale, M. L., Fonzo, G., Lalle, M., Caccio, S. M., & Pozio, E. (2005).
  22. Dientamoeba fragilis is more prevalent than Giardia duodenalis in children and adults
  23. attending a day care centre in Central Italy. Parasite, 12(2), 165-170.
  24. Despommier DD, Griffin DO, Gwadz RW, Hotez PJ, Knirsch CA (2019).
  25. "Giardia lamblia". Parasitic Diseases (7 ed.). Parasites Without Borders. pp. 11–20.
  26. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  27. Faso C, Hehl AB (April 2011). "Membrane trafficking and organelle biogenesis in
  28. Giardia lamblia:Use it or lose it". International Journal for Parasitology. 41 (5): 471–480.
  29. Feliziani, C.; Merino, M .C.;Rivero, M .R.; Hellman, U.;Pistoresi-Palencia, M. C. and
  30. Rópolo,A .S.(2011). Immunodominant proteins a-1 giardin and b-giardin are expressed in
  31. both assemblages A and B of Giardia lamblia, BMC Microbiol. 11:23.
  32. Gabriel, T. A.W. (2010). Determination, enumeration and viability test of Giardia cyst
  33. and Cryptosporidium oocyst from municipal drinking water in Add is Ababa. MSc.
  34. Thesis University of Addis Ababa.
  35. Gordts, B., W. Hemelhof, K. Van Tilborgh, P. Retore, S.Cadranal, and J. P. Butzler.
  36. Evaluation of a new method for routine in vitro cultivation of Giardia lamblia from
  37. human duodenal fluid. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22:702-704.
  38. Grazioli, B., Matera, G., Laratta, C., Schipani, G., Guarnieri, G., Spiniello, E., ... & Luzza,
  39. F. (2006). Giardia lamblia infection in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and
  40. dyspepsia: a prospective study. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG, 12(12), 1941.
  41. Hadi, Z. S. (2011). A Study of prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in Shatrah
  42. district/Thi-Qar governorate. Journal of Education for pure science. University of Thi
  43. Qar, 1(5), 28-39.
  44. Haydar, A. A. (1993). Study of the Prevalence of Human Intestinal Parasites in Al
  45. Tameem Governorate and the Effect of Giardia lamblia in Some Blood Components
  46. (Doctoral dissertation, M. Sc. thesis, College of Medicine, Salahaddin University, Iraq).
  47. Hussein, R. A., Shaker, M. J., & Majeed, H. A. (2011). Prevalence of intestinal parasitic
  48. infections among children in Baghdad city. Journal of College of Basic Education, 71,
  49. Hussein, T. (2010). Prevalence and Related Risk Factors for Giardia lamblia Infection Among
  50. Children With Acute Diarrhea in Thi- Qar , Abstract Introduction : Patients & Methods :
  51. Discussion : Results : Thi-Qar Medical Journal, 2010(4), 68–74.
  52. Jaeffer, H.S. 2011. Prevalence of Gairdia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytic /Entamoeba
  53. dispare infections among children in Al-Shulaa and Al-khadimya -Baghdad -Iraq.
  54. JUAPS, 5(2): pp 6–10.
  55. Khalil, R. S.; Yaqoob, G. and Emarah. (2014). Morphological descriptive study of
  56. Giardia lamblia in man and cow at Basrah. International Journal of Biological Research,
  57. (March 2018), 125–128.
  58. Nikaeen, M., Mesdaghinia, A. R., Tehrani, M. J., Rezaian, M., & Vaezi, F. (2003).
  59. Sensitive detection of Giardia cysts by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Iranian Journal
  60. of Public Health, 15-18..
  61. Sinnis, P. (2009). Giardiasis. In: Satoskar, A. R.; Simon, G. L.; Hotez, P. J. and Tsuji, M.
  62. (Eds.), Medical parasitology. Landes bioscience, USA: 195-205.
  63. Yang, R.; Lee, J. and Ryan, U. (2010). High prevalence of Giardia duodenalis
  64. assemblage B and potentially zoonotic subtypes in sporadic human cases in Western
  65. Australia. Int J Parasitol. 40: 293-297.
  66. Younas, M., Shah, S., & Talaat, A. (2008). Frequency of Giardia lamblia infection in
  67. children with recurrent abdominal pain. JOURNAL-PAKISTAN MEDICAL

Most read articles by the same author(s)