Comparison between Two Fermentation Media in Production of Antibacterial Crude Extracts from Penicillium Chrysogenum

Authors

  • Nidaa Sadiq Kahmees Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thi– Qar
  • Safaa Husein Ali Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thi– Qar

Keywords:

Penicillium chrysogenum, antimicrobial compounds, PPM, CSLM

Abstract

Background: Filamentous fungi such as Penicillium chrysogenum is widely used as hosts for the industrial products such as proteins and secondary metabolites.  Aim of study: Determine which two fermentation media used in this study is the best for the production of crude antimicrobials from Penicillium chrysogenum. A strain of Penicillum chrysogenum UNIJAG.PL.242was isolated from water sample (0.5 ml) of the Hammar marsh area in Thi-Qar Province, south of Iraq. The isolation was carried out using potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C for 5 days and sub-culture was conducted on Malt extract agar (MEA) and Czapez dox agar (CDA) besides PDA at the same conditions of the isolation. P. chrysogenum was identified depending on the morphological and molecular characteristics in which ß-tubulin genes within the fungal genome were detected and then sequenced. This fungus was preliminarily tested against Staphylococcus aureas, Streptococcus pyogens, Bacillus cerues, Escherichia coli and Psuedomonus aeroginosa by which P. chrysogenum inhibited growth of Staphylococcus aureas. The fungus fermented using penicillin production medium (PPM) and corn steep liquor medium (CSLM) and the crude extracts of the fungal filtrate were harvested and tested against these bacteria that the extract of PPM inhibited S.aureus, S.pyogenes, B.cerues. And E.coli but P.aeroginosa was resistant to this extract. Relatedly, the extract of CSLM did not produce inhibitory values against B.cerues and P.aeroginosa which the remaining tested bacteria were affected. Both crude extracts were analyzed using HPLC which showed the numbers of peaks which some of them were similar to peak of pure penicillin G which was tested a control in this process.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Conclusion: The present study concluded this fungus produced antimicrobial compounds and PPM is better fermentation medium than CSLM.                                                                                                                    

References

Aly, A.H., Debbab, A., and Proksch, P. ‘Fifty years of drug discovery from fungi’, Fungal Diversity Journal (2011), 5(9), pp. 3–19.

Refai, M., Abo El-Yazid, H., and Tawakkol, W. On The genus Penicillium (2015), pp 1–157. [2] Ayuningtyas, A. C. Growth and penicillin activities resulted by Penicillium chrysogenum in tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) juice. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences (2021), 17(2), pp. 16–18.

Nair, R., Radman, R., Roy, I., Bucke, C., Keshavarz, T. Elicitor effects on chrysogenin production in liquid cultures of penicillium chrysogenum using mannan oligosaccharides (2005).

Houbraken, J.; Frisvad, J.C. and Samson, R.A. Taxonomy of Penicillium section citrinia. Studies in Mycology (2011), 70: pp. 53-138.

Kumar S., Stecher G., Li M., Knyaz C., and Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution (2018), 35: pp. 1547-1549.

Shukla, S., Shukla, H. and Pandey, A.K. Screening of some phytophathogenic fungi for their antimicrobial potential. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014), 3 (2): pp. 2478 - 2494.

Egorov, S. N. Antibiotic's a scientific approach. Mir published (1985) 8, 311-313.

Nijland, J. G., Ebbendorf, B., Woszczynska, M., Boer, R., Bovenberg, R. A. L., and Driessen, A. J. M. Nonlinear biosynthetic gene cluster dose effect on penicillin production by Penicillium chrysogenum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology (2010), 76(21), pp. 7109–7115.

Alwash B.; Alqysi, S.; and Karomee, M. Effect of methanolic extract for (leaves and roots) of Bacopa monniera L. aerial plant parts on the growth of some bacteria and fungi. Journal of Biotechnology Research Central (2011), 5(1), Pp:14–21.

Vitha, M. F. Chromatography. In Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data (2017), pp.180-188

Hteet, R. R. Fusarium solani. Skin Necrosis. Baghdad Science Journal (2017), 14(3), 181–182.

Houbraken.J, Frisvad.J.C, Seifert. K.A, Overy. D.P, Tuthill. D.M, Valdez. J.G, and R.A. Samson.R.A. New penicillin-producing Penicillium species and an overview of section Chrysogena (2012), 29: pp. 78–100.

.

Chen, G. ; Tan, Y. ; Li, K. ; Chen, F. ; Li, R. ; Yue, C. and Shao,W. (2012). A new screening method for discovering antibacterial agents from filamentous fungi. African Journal of Biotechnology,11(34):8600-8605.

Thi, P., Trinh, H., Thi, N., Ngoc, D., Tien, P. Q., Ly, B. M., and Thanh, T. T. Effect of cultural conditions on antimicrobial activity of marine-derived fungus penicillium chrysogenum phan. Journal of Biotechnology (2016). 14(4), pp. 727–733.

Devi, N.N. and Prabakaran, J.J. Bioactive metabolites from anendophytic fungus Penicillium sp. Isolated from Centella asiatica.Current. Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology (2014), 4(1): pp. 34-43.

Nanda, A. and Akila, S. Cytotoxicity Assay of Secondary Metabolites produced from mould fungi: Penicillium spp. InternationalJournal of PharmTech Research (2014), 6 (3): 954 – 95.

Shoeb, M., Haque, M. and Nahar, N. Bioactive compounds from endophytic fungus Penicillium thiomii isolated from Terminalia chebula Retz. Journal of Natural products and Plant Resources (2014), 4(3):65-70.

Singh, V., Haque, S., Niwas, R., Srivastava, A., Pasupuleti, M., and Tripathi, C. K. M. Strategies for fermentation medium optimization: An in-depth review. Front in Microbiology (2017)., 7(JAN)

Lopes, F. C., Tichota, D. M., Sauter, I. P., Meira, S. M. M., Segalin, J., Rott, M. B., Rios, A. O., & Brandelli, A. Active metabolites produced by Penicillium chrysogenum IFL1 growing on agro-industrial residues. Annalas of Microbiology (2013), 63(2), 771–778.

Sari, M., Dirayanti, D., Septiana, E., Bustanussalam, B., and Mustopa, A. Z. The Combination of Carbon Source and the Addition of Phenylacetic Acid (PAA) to Growth Medium Penicillium chrysogenum to Enhance of Penicillin (Pen G) Production. Journal Kimia Sains Dan Aplikasi (2020), 23(9), 312–318.

Hanson, J. R. The chemistry of fungi. RSC publishing ( 2008 ), 18-39.

Shrestha, G. Exploring the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of lichen metabolites. PhD thesis, Brigham Young University (2015),126p.

Cheng, J. S., Zhao, Y., Qiao, B., Lu, H., Chen, Y., and Yuan, Y. J. Comprehensive Profiling of Proteome Changes Provide Insights of Industrial Penicillium chrysogenum During Pilot and Industrial Penicillin G Fermentation. Applied Biochemstry and Biotechnology (2016)., 179(5), 788–804.

Dayalan, S. A. J., Darwin, P., and Prakash, S. Comparative study on production, purification of penicillin by Penicillium chrysogenum isolated from soil and citrus samples. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (2011), 1(1), 15–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60061-0.

Miri, S. F., Tajick, M. A., Rahimian, H., & Nematzadeh, G. Identification and expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of penicillin and its detection by HPLC in Penicillium chrysogenum. Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran (2017), 28(2): 105 - 111.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-16

Issue

Vol. 26 No. 2 (2023)

Section

ARTICLE

License

Copyright (c) 2023 University of Thi-Qar Journal Of Medicine

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.