Clinical Evaluation of Maxillofacial Injuries among Patients attending AL Kindy Teaching Hospital /Baghdad/ Iraq (Retrospective Analysis)
Keywords:
Maxillofacial trauma, Facial injuries, Road accidentsAbstract
Background: Trauma affect maxillofacial region represent a high challenging difficulties for healthcare specialist worldwide. Especial attention was produce with a high diversity and incidence of traumatic facial injuries. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the etiology and pattern of maxillofacial injuries, in addition to the treatment plan among patients in AL Kindy teaching hospital / Baghdad- Iraq Materials and methods: A total of 1965 patients were attending to the Al Kindy teaching hospital / oral and maxillofacial department, suffering from maxillofacial injuries were involved in a retrospective analysis conducted in a period of 3 years from July 2019 - July 2022. From 1965 patients, only 165 patient’s records who were manage at department of emergency or in maxillofacial department were analyzed as indoor patients. Gender, age, etiology of trauma, type and location of injuries, with management methods must happen were recorded. Results: Result of 1965 individual, associated trauma were recorded about one hundred sixty five (165) patients. The most etiological factor was (RTA). Mandible was the major bone fractured. Predominant maxillofacial treatment plan were inter maxillary fixation. In addition to that, suturing of soft tissues laceration were recorded a high percentage among treatment method. the "Fisher‘s exact test" was recorded a statistically significant differences between cause of maxillofacial fractures, with the type of fracture. Conclusions: Application of a sever road with safe measures in a different regions in Iraq, to prevent and minimize mortality and morbidity related to the RTA is very important. Trauma of facial skeleton should be approaching with a good knowledge of possible related injuries may be happen.References
-Vujcich N, Gebauer D. Current and evolving trends in the management of facial fractures. Aust Dent J. 2018 Mar;63 Suppl 1:S35-S47.
-Al Ahmed HE, Jaber MA, Abu Fanas SH, Karas M. The pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Sharjah,United Arab Emirates: a review of 230 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2004;98:166–70.
- Abbott P. Guest Editor. The Management of Dental Trauma. Aust Dent J 2016; 61(Suppl): 82– 94.
- DM, Best AM. Current trends in the treatment of maxillofacial injuries in the United States. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000;58:207-15
- Zia UH, Lahri IA, Hussain F, Kumari M. An analysis of maxillofacial trauma patients treated during May 2002–April 2003 at dental section, BMC, Quetta. Pakistan Oral Dent J 2003;23:87–90.
- Sojot AJ, Meisami T, Sandor GK, Clokie CM. The epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated at the Toronto general hospital: A review of 246 cases. J Can Dent Assoc 2001;67:640–4
- Tan WK, Lim TC. Aetiology and distribution of mandibular fractures in the National University Hospital, Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1999;28:625–9
-Aziz K, Khalil IUR. Road traffic accidents in Peshawar. Ann King Edward Med Coll Lahore 2002;8(2):103–4
-Bataineh AB: Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in north of Jordan. J Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 86:31, 1998
-Cheema, F. Amin. Incidence and causes of maxillofacial skeletal injuries at the Mayo Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 44 (2006) 232–234.
- Paes JV, de Sá Paes FL, Valiati R, de Oliveira MG, Pagnoncelli RM. Retrospective study of prevalence of face fractures in southern Brazil. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23:80-6.
-Gassner R, Tuli T, Hächl O, Rudisch A, Ulmer H. Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10 year review of 9,543 cases with 21,067 injuries. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2003;31:51-61.
-Lee JH, Cho BK, Park WJ. A 4-year retrospective study of facial fractures on Jeju, Korea. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2010;38:192-6.
-Adebayo ET, Ajike OS, Adekeye EO. Analysis of the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Kaduna, Nigeria. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;41:396-400.
-Brasileiro BF, Passeri LA. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures in Brazil: A 5-year prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;12:28-34
-Kadkhodaie MH. Three-year review of facial fractures at a teaching hospital in northern Iran. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;44:229- 31
-Iida S, Kogo M, Sugiura T, Mima T, Matsuya T. Retrospective analysis of 1502 patients with facial fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001;30:286-90
-Tanaka N, Tomitsuka K, Shionoya K, Andou H, Kimijima Y, Tashiro T, et al. Aetiology of maxillofacial fracture. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1994;32:19-23.
- Scherbaum Eidt JM, De Conto F, De Bortoli MM, Engelmann JL, Rocha FD. Associated injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma at the hospital são vicente de paulo, passo fundo, Brazil. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2013;4
- Joshi SR, Saluja H, Pendyala GS, Chaudhari S, Mahindra U, Kini Y. Pattern and Prevalence of Maxillofacial Fractures in Rural Children of Central Maharashtra, India. A Retrospective Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2013;12:307-11
-Simons-Morton B, Lerner N, Singer J. The observed effects of teenage passengers on the risky driving behavior of teenage drivers. Accid Anal Prev. 2005;37:973-82.
-Zandi M, Khayati A, Lamei A, Zarei H. Maxillofacial injuries in western Iran: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;15:201-9
-Hussain K, Wijetunge DB, Grubnic S, Jackson IT. A comprehensive analysis of craniofacial trauma. J Trauma.1994;36:34-47
-Lee MC, Chiu WT, Chang LT, Liu SC, Lin SH. Craniofacial injuries in unhelmeted riders of motorbikes. Injury.1995;26:467-70.
-van As AB, van Loghem AJ, Biermans BF, Douglas TS, Wieselthaler N, Naidoo S. Causes and distribution of facial fractures in a group of South African children and the value of computed tomography in their assessment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010;35:903-6
-Subhashraj K, Ramkumar S, Ravindran C. Pattern of mandibular fractures in Chennai, India. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46:126-7
-Huelke DF, Compton CP. Facial injuries in automobile crashes. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1983;41:241-4.
-Lee KH, Steenberg LJ. Equine-related facial fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37:999-1002.
-Paes JV, de Sá Paes FL, Valiati R, de Oliveira MG, Pagnoncelli RM. Retrospective study of prevalence of face fractures in southern Brazil. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23:80-6.
-Taher AA. Management and complications of middle and upperthird facial compound injuries: An Iranian experience. J Craniofac Surg. 1993;4:153-61
-Ugboko VI, Odusanya SA, Fagade OO. Maxillofacial fractures in a semi-urban Nigerian teaching hospital. A review of 442 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998;27:286-9.
-Subhashraj K,Nandakumar N, Ravindran C. Review of maxillofacial
injuries in Chennai, India: A study of 2748 cases British Journal of
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 45 (2007) 637–639
-Brasileiro BF and Passeri LA. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures in Brazil: A 5-year prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102:28-34.
