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November 12, 2024
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November 12, 2024
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November 12, 2024
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Abstract

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a major cause of diarrheal diseases, with rising antibiotic resistance complicating treatment. This study aims to isolate and identify
E. coli from clinical diarrhea samples and to profile the tetB antibiotic resistance gene using PCR, while also exploring genetic polymorphisms within this resistance determinant.
Methods:
Seventy fresh fecal samples were collected from patients with diarrhea at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Thi-Qar province, Iraq, from February to July 2020. After culture-based
identification and verification through the API-20 system, 60 samples (85.71%) were confirmed as E. coli . Analysis by age showed a higher prevalence (40%) in children aged 1-5 years,
with lower prevalence (15%) in individuals aged 16-20 years.
Results:
PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of the tetB gene in 100% of the E. coli  isolates. Sequence analysis revealed various mutations within the tetB
gene, and phylogenetic trees based on tetB sequences were constructed. These trees accurately placed the E. coli isolates within bacterial taxonomy, offering insights into the relationships between
genetic mutations and phylogenetic positioning.
Conclusions:
This study underscores the utility of classification of E. coli tetB amplicons for phylogenetic isolates. Such methods effectively differentiate antibiotic-resistant
strains in clinical samples, contributing to an understanding of their evolutionary traits and potential impacts on public health.

Keywords

Antibiotic Resistance Gene (tetB) E. coli Diarrhea Molecular Study

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